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History And Mystery Of The Harley Davidson WLA “Liberator”

Summary

  • The WLA Liberator, based mostly on the WL mannequin, was the primary army bike produced by Harley-Davidson for WWII and Korean War use.
  • With excessive sturdiness and a strong engine, the Liberator earned its nickname whereas serving the Allied Forces in liberating cities from German occupation.
  • After the struggle, many ex-service Liberators have been bought to the general public, resulting in the rise of customizations and bike golf equipment within the post-war period.

These days, it is regular to view Harley-Davidson bikes as among the top-shelf bikes available on the market, as they have been for the reason that firm’s inception in 1903. But one explicit mannequin that has secured itself a really particular place in historical past, not simply with Harley-Davidson, however with the twentieth century, is the WLA “Liberator.” Based on the 1939 WL mannequin, the WLA was the primary bike produced primarily for army use.

Designed and constructed throughout WWII, Harley-Davidson produced approximately 70,000 WLA and WLC military motorcycles for the U.S. Army and Allied forces to repel the Axis powers. These bikes have been ridden by US troops to ship messages and transport cargo, in addition to to satisfy duties by the Military Police. They had additionally acquired the suitable nickname “Liberator” as they have been ridden by Allied Forces who have been liberating cities and international locations from German occupation all through Europe. Thanks to its stripped-down design, highly effective engine, nimble dealing with, and excessive sturdiness, the Liberator was in a position to shortly journey from Point A to Point B with out making itself too massive of a goal for enemy forces.

In order to provide the latest and correct info doable, the information used to compile this text was sourced from varied producer web sites and different authoritative sources, together with Harley-Davidson, Mecum Auctions, the National Motorcycle Museum, The Liberator, and Silodrome.

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The Liberator Was The First Military Motorcycle

As the world continued to plunge into chaos, it was clear by the late Nineteen Thirties {that a} second world struggle was on the horizon. In response, Harley-Davidson started the event of motorcycles designed strictly for military use, famously often known as the WLA. “W” for the sports activities household of bikes, “L” for being high-compression, and “A” clearly stands for military. At first, the U.S. Army used the 1937 WL Model instead of the RL Model that was getting used on the time. But it wasn’t till 1939 that the bike was changed by the WLA. While solely a handful of WLAs have been outfitted with a Thompson machine gun scabbard, they have been seldom utilized in battle.

The Harley-Davidson Liberator Employed A forty five-inch Flathead V-Twin Engine

For a motorbike designed to deal with the rugged and chaotic nature of the battlefield, it solely made sense the Liberator was powered by the reliable Flathead V-Twin engine. This high-compression engine effectively ran on 74-octane fuel–a low-quality possibility accessible throughout. With provides at all times essential throughout the struggle, having bikes that would run on low-cost gas was important. Thanks to its well-rounded DNA, this bike fulfilled its duties starting from escorts, mail couriers, transportation, army police, and radio work.

1942 Harley-Davidson WLA Liberator Engine Specs

Engine

45-Degree V-Twin

Type

Air-Cooled, Side-Valve

Compression Ratio

5:1

Bore & Stroke

2.745 x 3.8125

Displacement

739cc (45 cubic inches)

Carburetion

Linkert

Ignition

Battery, Coil & Points

Horsepower

23.5

Primary

Chain

Transmission

3-Speed

Production During War Time

Because the WLA Liberator was an adaptation based mostly on the civilian WL mannequin, Harley-Davidson made some modifications to make it higher fitted to service. That included a skid/bash plate beneath the Flathead V-Twin engine for cover, saddle luggage, baggage rack, leg shields, crash bars, blackout lights, and wider fenders to assist shake off the mud. Also current have been 2.5-inch longer forks, an ammunition field, an oil tub air cleaner, and an Army inexperienced or black paint job.

With these bikes being utilized by Allied forces beneath a Lend-Lease program (in Britain, Australia, New Zealand, and the Soviet Union), it’s believed Harley-Davidson produced roughly 100,000 WLAs all through WW2. The USSR alone acquired over 30,000 models. But when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941, H-D had cranked up manufacturing of a extra rugged model of the WLA Liberator for use by the U.S. army. While the WLA remained the most well-liked army bike, the corporate had additionally experimented with some different variations of the bike, together with the XA which featured a BMW-sourced flat-twin boxer engine, in addition to the very uncommon TA Knucklehead.

Life After The War

Harley-Davidson WLA Liberator Flathead
Txemari. (Navarra) via Flickr

The Harley-Davidson WLA Liberator remained in manufacturing from 1940 to 1952, taking part in a serious position in each World War 2 and the Korean War, after which later as privately-owned civilian fashions. With struggle lastly over and everybody returning house, a major majority of WLA Liberators used as service bikes have been bought to the general public. Many troopers who rode the Liberator had an affinity for the wartime bike, so quite a few WLAs made their manner again into veterans’ palms.

Many of those bikes have been “civilianized”, which finally gave approach to the primary wave of do-it-yourself customized bobbers, after which the very popular trend of custom choppers. The elevated variety of Liberators on U.S. streets finally led to the formation of bike golf equipment and gangs, a lot of which have been composed of dissatisfied GIs getting back from service aboard custom-made WLAs. Modifying WLAs was so fashionable within the post-war period that this can be very troublesome to search out an authentic Liberator as we speak.

1942 Harley-Davidson WLA Liberator Specs

Frame

Steel, Single Down Tube

Suspension

Leadling Link “Springer” Fork, Rigid Rear, Sprung Seat

Brakes

Drum, Front & Rear

Wheelbase

57.5 inches

Dry Weight

576 lbs

Top Speed

65 mph

Fuel Capacity

3.375 gallons

The WLA Liberator Was Technically Harley-Davidson’s First Adventure Bike

1950 Harley-Davidson WLA Liberator
Steve Glover via Flickr

Today, the adventure bike market is so big that nearly each producer desires in on the motion. Even Harley-Davidson’s Pan America 1250 is one of the biggest contenders to tear up occasional grime tracks. However, given the Liberator’s army and off-roading background, it could possibly be argued that the WLA was unofficially Harley-Davidson’s first journey bike. Considering it was designed to be as highly effective and sturdy as doable whereas working by way of all terrains, the Liberator definitely had some acquainted DNA that one would discover in a contemporary journey bike. Perhaps it could possibly be narrowed right down to the truth that the WLA was meant extra for service and obligation, whereas your common ADV bike is for enjoyable and pleasure.

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Harley-Davidson’s Tribute Models to the Liberator

In current years, Harley-Davidson has launched many special limited-edition models paying tribute to the legendary bike. The first was the 2016 Softail Slim S, which featured a Mineral Green Denim paint scheme with military font, a big military star graphic on the gas tank, and a blacked-out cockpit. Next was the 2022 Harley-Davidson G.I. Enthusiast collection, immediately impressed by the WLA Liberator, that includes the Tri Glide Ultra and the Pan America 1250 Special.

2022 Harley-Davidson GI Enthusiast Collection Pan America Tri-Glide Ultra
Harley-Davidson

Brad Richards, Harley-Davidson Vice President of Design mentioned in a press release:

The new Mineral Green Denim Deluxe paint pays homage to the Olive Drab paint, used on Harley-Davidson WLA fashions. This coloration incorporates a metallic impact leading to a refined gold spotlight, permitting the colour journey to be extra dramatic and showcase the form of the surfacing. The tank graphic celebrates the long-lasting white five-point star, which was used throughout WWII on army automobiles. The tank graphic additionally incorporates a stenciled ‘H-D’ and a location of Milwaukee, Wisconsin abbreviated, impressed from the spec tags discovered on government-issued army gear. The stenciled strategy is a therapy typically discovered on army automobiles as lettering was continuously carried out within the subject. Here we’re calling out the birthplace of the Harley-Davidson Motor Company and the unique WLA mannequin.

Harley-Davidson WLA Liberator Key Features

  • 45-inch Flathead V-Twin Engine
  • Skid/Bash Plate beneath engine
  • Wider, mud-resistant fenders
  • Leg shields
  • Crash bars
  • 2.5-inch longer forks than the usual WL mannequin
  • Ammunition field
  • Thompson machine gun scabbard
  • Olive/Army Green paint scheme
Technology

Why The M3 Lee/Grant Tank Was The Next Best Thing To The M4 Sherman

It goes with out saying that navy tasks, of various levels of secrecy, have been always underway all through the conflict. Progress on them was unpredictable: Some could be accomplished forward of schedule, some would run concurrently, and others nonetheless would not pan out in any respect. The iconic M4 Sherman was being produced in early 1942, with its design being finalized the earlier 12 months. This meant that it was being ready at across the identical time because the Lee and Grant, however couldn’t be produced at such a charge on the time.

The Sherman was based mostly upon the mechanics of the M3 Grant, with a GAA-V8 Ford engine able to 500 hp and a pace of around 26 mph. Its machine weapons (with which it was geared up within the case of the M4A1 mannequin) have been backed up by that very same 75mm primary armament, although, within the Sherman, the latter was mounted within the turret and so may very well be aimed rather more freely.

This, then, was the tank that the M3 Grant/Lee would have been the primary time round, had the Allies had the time and expertise to have made it so.

Technology

Here’s How The Army Is Trying To Adapt Hybrid Technology

While it could possibly be a while earlier than hybrid army autos hit the market, it is no shock the army can be thinking about investing within the new engines. Hybrids deliver many advantages to any car, no matter their function, and the Request for Information outlined exactly what the army is searching for within the potential new Stryker. 

First and foremost, and most evident, is gasoline effectivity. Hybrids devour much less gasoline as a result of they’ve blended electrical and gasoline-powered engines. Strykers undoubtedly require lots of gasoline, so double dipping in an electrical engine would assist. However, the RCCTO goals to extend all-around automotive efficiency, together with acceleration, prime pace, energy storage, and era. Naturally, these enhancements should come with out sacrificing the tank’s crew house. 

The U.S. Army additionally needs to totally make the most of the huge battery {that a} hybrid Stryker would require. Fuel effectivity apart, the objective is for the car to behave as a generator, supplying energy to different techniques the place vital. Another good thing about switching to hybrids is their quietness in comparison with conventional combustion engines. Naturally, the Army would not flip down extra stealth capabilities. The hope is that the hybrid may “conduct battery only silent watch and silent mobility beyond non-hybrid baseline performance specifications.” If the hybrid Stryker involves fruition, it will add one other spectacular car to the arsenal, becoming a member of the M10 Booker in turning heads.

Technology

Can You Legally Buy and Own a Tank? Here’s What the Law Says

According to United States law, it is possible for a private citizen to own a military tank that has been decommissioned. These tanks can often be found at high-end auctions. However, there is a major catch – the tank must be nonfunctional in terms of its cannon. While the motor and treads can still work, you are not allowed to purchase or possess any ammunition for it. This is why most decommissioned tanks are sold in a nonfunctional state. If you want to drive the tank, you will have to repair it yourself. Nevertheless, once the tank is fixed, you are free to drive it as much as you want. Some U.S. states even allow tanks with properly rubberized treads to be driven on public roads, although this is mostly limited to private property.

In theory, a private citizen can own a fully functioning tank with a cannon. However, to legally possess such a tank, you would need to obtain a federally-issued Destructive Device permit. Obtaining this permit is not easy, as it requires various licensure and background checks. Even if you have military training, the use of the cannon is only permitted in specific circumstances. All in all, the distinction between owning a functional or nonfunctional tank is not worth pursuing.

Owning a tank can be an option if you are incredibly wealthy and desire an unusual lawn ornament. However, it comes with a hefty cost and numerous inconveniences.

Motorsport

Army Truck Transformed into Off-Road Camper with Ikea Interior for $105K

This article showcases a 1998 Stewart & Stevenson M1079 military truck that has been converted into a robust motorhome with ample space to accommodate a motorcycle. The owner invested approximately $105,000 in creating this mobile tiny home.

The conversion process took place in the driveway of the house that Apollo, the owner, was renting at the time. He dedicated 468 hours of labor over 36 days to complete the project.

The M1079 belongs to the Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV) used by the military, specifically in the van variant. It is equipped with a Caterpillar turbodiesel inline-six engine and an Allison transmission. In its original configuration, the truck’s top speed is about 52 miles per hour. However, Apollo modified the gearing and differentials to achieve a more comfortable cruising speed of 60 mph. This adjustment allows for a fuel economy of approximately 8.5 miles per gallon.

Externally, Apollo decided to retain the truck’s stock appearance, with the addition of some storage boxes on the exterior. The roof houses solar panels and a Honda generator.

A pleasant surprise is unveiled when opening the rear door, revealing the presence of Apollo’s KTM Super Adventure R motorcycle. A winch and a complex ramp system enable him to load and unload the bike effortlessly.

The interior of the truck cabin is kept simple, predominantly furnished with Ikea gear. The kitchenette features a small sink, a compact fridge, and an induction cooktop. The desk and dual-monitor work area are nearly the same size as the cooking space. To meet his liquid requirements, Apollo installed a 65-gallon fresh water tank and a six-gallon water heater.

Apollo constructed a customized shower stall using aluminum materials and also added a cassette toilet.

To optimize space, the bed is mounted on an elevator system, allowing the mattress to be lowered from the ceiling when it’s time to sleep.

Apollo’s next project involves building another custom RV, this time with six-wheel drive and even more living space to ensure maximum comfort.

Technology

F22 Raptor Vs F35 Lightning II: A Comparison

The F-22 and F-35 are two advanced military aircraft that serve different roles in the United States military and other friendly militaries worldwide. While the F-22 is considered the pinnacle of fighter jets, the F-35 is designed to be a versatile multi-role fighter aircraft, capable of adapting to various mission requirements.

The F-35 is often described as a Swiss Army knife due to its ability to perform a wide range of tasks. It was developed by the U.S. Air Force to replace several fighter and ground attack aircraft, including the F-16, F-18, and A-10. It is also replacing the Harrier “jump-jet” in the Marine Corps. This makes the F-35 a crucial asset for the United States military and its allies.

Unlike the F-22, which has not been exported and is unlikely to be, the F-35 has been adopted by many countries. The United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Canada, Australia, Denmark, Norway, Israel, Japan, South Korea, Belgium, Poland, Singapore, Finland, Switzerland, and Germany have all acquired the F-35 for their respective militaries.

Lockheed Martin, the manufacturer of the F-35, has delivered over 965 Lightning IIs to these nations, compared to the limited number of 183 F-22 Raptors in existence. This demonstrates the widespread adoption and popularity of the F-35 among friendly nations.

Technology

The Future Of Trench Warfare: A Look At Ukraine’s New AI-Controlled Turret

Military technology has seen significant advancements in recent times, particularly in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). However, despite these developments, trench warfare remains a critical strategy for infantry.

In March 2023, the New York Times published an article detailing the experiences of Ukrainian soldiers in the trenches, specifically from what is known as the zero line position or the closest edge to the Russian military. After facing difficulties in breaking through the Ukrainian lines for nearly a year, the Russian military re-strategized by using smaller assault groups to storm Ukraine’s front lines.

Trenches traditionally provided soldiers with cover from bullets and prevented enemy forces from advancing. However, advancements in artillery, armored vehicles, and military drones have made trench warfare even more perilous. Additionally, the constant risk of lifelong injury or exposure to disease adds to the trauma experienced by soldiers.

Reducing the human risk element for operators can minimize decision-making errors and improve target precision. Secure environments enable operators to make sound choices, and it reduces the likelihood of using excessive firepower to neutralize threats.

As technology continues to transform military operations, the significance of utilizing robotics and AI in modern warfare becomes increasingly evident.

Motorsport

Rare British Military Light Strike Vehicle Dune Buggy Heads To Auction

A road-legal dune buggy with a military background is set to be auctioned in the United Kingdom. This particular vehicle is a Longline/Ricardo MkII Light Strike Vehicle (LSV) that saw service with the UK’s Special Air Service (SAS) during the first Gulf War. The auction, hosted by Bonhams, is expected to fetch a price between $35,550 and $38,085 (£28,000 and £30,000) on July 14.

The MkII LSV is equipped with a Volkswagen-sourced 1.9-liter water-cooled flat-four engine, which originated from a Transporter van. It comes with four-wheel drive, an upgrade from the previous two-wheel drive configuration found in the MKI version. The later MKIII models switched to a turbodiesel VW powerplant.