In early September 2023, Japan’s National Police Agency (NPA) announced plans to review the classification of certain motorcycles. The NPA has formed a group of experts to examine whether motorcycles with 125cc or less and a maximum power output of 4 kilowatts should be considered “motorized bicycles.”

Currently, Japan has a tiered licensing system for motorcyclists, with different license categories depending on the type and size of the motorcycle. However, as of September 2023, all license holders in Japan are legally allowed to operate vehicles classified as “motorized bicycles,” regardless of their license type.

The first meeting of the expert group took place on September 11, 2023, and several more meetings are planned throughout the year to gather recommendations and input from various stakeholders.

As of September 11, 2023, the NPA defines a motorized bicycle as a two-wheeled or three-wheeled vehicle with an engine displacement of 50cc or an output of 0.8 horsepower. Large motorcycles, on the other hand, are defined as motorcycles with an engine displacement of more than 400cc.

Special large motor vehicles are typically construction or agricultural equipment, while special small motor vehicles have specific size requirements and speed limitations.

The NPA currently categorizes motorcycles that do not fall into any of the above classifications as standard motorcycles, which includes most motorcycles under 400cc.

If the expert group approves the recommendation, motorcycles like the Honda Cross Cub 110 may be reclassified as motorized bicycles, as they meet the displacement criteria. However, motorcycles like the Honda Cross Cub 110, which has a power output slightly above the 5.36 horsepower limit, may require a restrictor kit to be eligible for reclassification. On the other hand, the BMW CE 02, with exactly 4 kilowatts of power, could potentially qualify as a motorized bicycle.

It’s important to note that these considerations are still under review, and no final decisions have been made. Any potential changes to the classification of motorized bicycles will require further discussion and may undergo modifications before any official announcement.